由 J+W 於 星期四 四月 13, 2006 1:24 pm
#ed_op#DIV#ed_cl##ed_op#P#ed_cl##ed_op#STRONG#ed_cl#簡單邏輯問題#ed_op#/STRONG#ed_cl##ed_op#/P#ed_cl##ed_op#P#ed_cl#條件一 : "若張三不ok且李四不ok為偽"#ed_op#BR#ed_cl#條件二 : "若王五不ok則李四不ok#ed_op#BR#ed_cl#條件三 : "若張三ok則李四ok"#ed_op#BR#ed_cl##ed_op#BR#ed_cl#(A)張三ok#ed_op#BR#ed_cl#(B)李四ok#ed_op#BR#ed_cl#(C)李四不ok#ed_op#BR#ed_cl#(D)王五不ok#ed_op#BR#ed_cl#(E)以上皆非#ed_op#BR#ed_cl##ed_op#/P#ed_cl##ed_op#P#ed_cl#這一題適用邏輯推理方法裡的消減法來解決,這方法不難,就算邏輯不強的人,知道方法也能運用!#ed_op#/P#ed_cl##ed_op#P#ed_cl#消減法:是由英國邏輯學家耶芳斯(Jevons,1835-1882)提出的,其步驟如下#ed_op#BR#ed_cl#A先列出未有資料時的所有可能性#ed_op#BR#ed_cl#B根據所得的資料,將不符合條件的答案一一刪除#ed_op#BR#ed_cl#C最後剩下的就是答案#ed_op#/P#ed_cl##ed_op#P#ed_cl#本題有3個人,2種狀況,所以共有2^3=8種情況!#ed_op#/P#ed_cl##ed_op#P#ed_cl#1.將8個情況列成一個表,再去比對三個條件 #ed_op#TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0#ed_cl##ed_op#TBODY#ed_cl##ed_op#TR#ed_cl##ed_op#TD align=middle#ed_cl##ed_op#TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0#ed_cl##ed_op#TBODY#ed_cl##ed_op#TR#ed_cl##ed_op#TD align=middle#ed_cl##ed_op#BR#ed_cl##ed_op#A href="http://smg.photobucket.com/albums/v411/tiw/JW/?"#ed_cl##ed_op#IMG class=pic height=201 alt=c7dfbb0b.gif src="http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v411/tiw/JW/c7dfbb0b.gif" width=357#ed_cl##ed_op#/A#ed_cl##ed_op#/TD#ed_cl##ed_op#/TR#ed_cl##ed_op#/TBODY#ed_cl##ed_op#/TABLE#ed_cl##ed_op#/TD#ed_cl##ed_op#/TR#ed_cl##ed_op#/TBODY#ed_cl##ed_op#/TABLE#ed_cl##ed_op#/P#ed_cl##ed_op#P#ed_cl#2.條件一 : "若張三不ok且李四不ok為偽"#ed_op#/P#ed_cl##ed_op#P#ed_cl#所以在條件一這欄裡,我們可以打X的是張三不OK且李四不OK的情況#ed_op#/P#ed_cl##ed_op#P#ed_cl##ed_op#TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0#ed_cl##ed_op#TBODY#ed_cl##ed_op#TR#ed_cl##ed_op#TD align=middle#ed_cl##ed_op#TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0#ed_cl##ed_op#TBODY#ed_cl##ed_op#TR#ed_cl##ed_op#TD align=middle#ed_cl##ed_op#BR#ed_cl##ed_op#A href="http://smg.photobucket.com/albums/v411/tiw/JW/?"#ed_cl##ed_op#IMG class=pic height=200 alt=6ca393ea.gif src="http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v411/tiw/JW/6ca393ea.gif" width=359#ed_cl##ed_op#/A#ed_cl##ed_op#/TD#ed_cl##ed_op#/TR#ed_cl##ed_op#/TBODY#ed_cl##ed_op#/TABLE#ed_cl##ed_op#/TD#ed_cl##ed_op#/TR#ed_cl##ed_op#/TBODY#ed_cl##ed_op#/TABLE#ed_cl##ed_op#/P#ed_cl##ed_op#P#ed_cl#3.條件二 : "若王五不ok則李四不ok#ed_op#/P#ed_cl##ed_op#P#ed_cl#所以在條件二這欄裡,我們可以打X的是和上面條件不合的情況#ed_op#BR#ed_cl#因為前提(王五不OK)是不能變的.所以後面是"李四是OK"#ed_op#BR#ed_cl#也就是"王五不OK且李四是OK"的情況是不合條件的#ed_op#/P#ed_cl##ed_op#P#ed_cl##ed_op#TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0#ed_cl##ed_op#TBODY#ed_cl##ed_op#TR#ed_cl##ed_op#TD align=middle#ed_cl##ed_op#TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0#ed_cl##ed_op#TBODY#ed_cl##ed_op#TR#ed_cl##ed_op#TD align=middle#ed_cl##ed_op#BR#ed_cl##ed_op#A href="http://smg.photobucket.com/albums/v411/tiw/JW/?"#ed_cl##ed_op#IMG class=pic height=201 alt=e8a007ca.gif src="http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v411/tiw/JW/e8a007ca.gif" width=358#ed_cl##ed_op#/A#ed_cl##ed_op#/TD#ed_cl##ed_op#/TR#ed_cl##ed_op#/TBODY#ed_cl##ed_op#/TABLE#ed_cl##ed_op#/TD#ed_cl##ed_op#/TR#ed_cl##ed_op#/TBODY#ed_cl##ed_op#/TABLE#ed_cl##ed_op#/P#ed_cl##ed_op#P#ed_cl#4.條件三 : "若張三ok則李四ok"#ed_op#/P#ed_cl##ed_op#P#ed_cl#所以在條件三這欄裡,我們可以打X的是和上面條件不合的情況#ed_op#BR#ed_cl#因為前提(張三OK)是不能變的.所以後面是"李四是不OK"#ed_op#BR#ed_cl#也就是"張三OK且李四是不OK"的情況是不合的#ed_op#/P#ed_cl##ed_op#P#ed_cl##ed_op#TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0#ed_cl##ed_op#TBODY#ed_cl##ed_op#TR#ed_cl##ed_op#TD align=middle#ed_cl##ed_op#TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0#ed_cl##ed_op#TBODY#ed_cl##ed_op#TR#ed_cl##ed_op#TD align=middle#ed_cl##ed_op#BR#ed_cl##ed_op#A href="http://smg.photobucket.com/albums/v411/tiw/JW/?"#ed_cl##ed_op#IMG class=pic height=200 alt=a654d82f.gif src="http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v411/tiw/JW/a654d82f.gif" width=359#ed_cl##ed_op#/A#ed_cl##ed_op#/TD#ed_cl##ed_op#/TR#ed_cl##ed_op#/TBODY#ed_cl##ed_op#/TABLE#ed_cl##ed_op#/TD#ed_cl##ed_op#/TR#ed_cl##ed_op#/TBODY#ed_cl##ed_op#/TABLE#ed_cl##ed_op#/P#ed_cl##ed_op#P#ed_cl#5.最後得到兩個答案#ed_op#BR#ed_cl#張三李四王五都OK#ed_op#BR#ed_cl#張三不OK但李四王五都OK#ed_op#/P#ed_cl##ed_op#P#ed_cl##ed_op#TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0#ed_cl##ed_op#TBODY#ed_cl##ed_op#TR#ed_cl##ed_op#TD align=middle#ed_cl##ed_op#TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0#ed_cl##ed_op#TBODY#ed_cl##ed_op#TR#ed_cl##ed_op#TD align=middle#ed_cl##ed_op#BR#ed_cl##ed_op#A href="http://smg.photobucket.com/albums/v411/tiw/JW/?"#ed_cl##ed_op#IMG class=pic height=200 alt=7ac0de45.gif src="http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v411/tiw/JW/7ac0de45.gif" width=358#ed_cl##ed_op#/A#ed_cl##ed_op#/TD#ed_cl##ed_op#/TR#ed_cl##ed_op#/TBODY#ed_cl##ed_op#/TABLE#ed_cl##ed_op#/TD#ed_cl##ed_op#/TR#ed_cl##ed_op#/TBODY#ed_cl##ed_op#/TABLE#ed_cl##ed_op#/P#ed_cl##ed_op#P#ed_cl#所以這題只能選(B)#ed_op#/P#ed_cl##ed_op#/DIV#ed_cl#